Tweet
intro of NAM
-- because of cold war the world had been devided into 2 major power blocks-
1.USA britain with western european country
2.ussr with eastern europian country
but some countries , mostly developing countries have decided not to align with any other blocks and this policy took the form of NAM. NAm is international org. of the countries who themselves not aligned with any power blocks of cold war.it was initiated by egypt president Gamal abdul nassir . indian pm jawaharlal nehru in yugoslavia president josip broz tito , it is the movement of 120 members.NAM was founded in 1955 . first NAM summit was held in egypt in june 1961 , even it was considered as preperatory meeting so again first conference held in september 1961 in belgrade capital of yugoslavia and 25 countries represented this summit and chairman was broz tito.
objectives/purpose
*it was stated in havana declaration of 1979 to ensure the national independence , sovereignity territorial integrity and security of non-aligned countries in the struggle against imperialism colonialism and racism
*granting freedom to people under colonial
*establishment of a just internal economic order
*elimination of the causes of war and especially elimination of nuclear.
weapons
*promotion of human rights
*condemnation of alll froms of racial discrimination
*protection of the environment
* abolition of imperialism and colonialism
panchsheel
*chinese prime minister CHOU EN LAI visited india in 1954 which was followed bythe signing of a declaration defining the principle on which the relations between people's republic of china should be based.
*mutual respect for territorial integrity
*non aggression
*non interface in each other internal matter
*equality and mutual advantage
*peaceful co-existance
Note :- the term non align was quined by indian prime minister pt. jawaharlal nehru during his speach in sri lanka for maintaining good relation wid china . he discribed the 5 pillars to be used for SINO indian relation called panchsheel.
profile non- aligned movement
note:- NAM ( non align movement ) is made up of 120 developing countries and aims to represent the political , economic and cultural interest of developing world.a meeting in 1961 set up the criteria for NAM membership it ruled that , member countries could not be involved in any of the power blocks.in this way NAM sought to prevent its member to participate in cold war power blocks .
*the 16th NAM summit took place in tehran ,iran, from 26 to 31st aug 2012.
*at the summit , iran took over from egypt as chair of the non-aligned movement for the period of 2012 - 2015 . the 17th summit of the non aligned movement is to be held in caracas , venuzuela , in 2015.
*mahmoud ahmadinejad -IRAN.
South asian association for regional coorporation (SAARC)
SAARC was established when its charter was formally adopted on 8 dec 1985 in dhaka by the heads of the state of bangladesh , bhutan , india , nepal , pakistan and sri-lanka.
SAARC provides platform for the people of south asia to work together in a spirit of friendship , trust and understanding .it aims to excelerate the process of economic , cultural and social development . it is an economic and political org. in south asia .afghanistam became the 8th member from 2007.SAARC has identified various spheres of activities.
broad areas
1.agriculture and rural development
2.health and population
3.women youth and children
4.environmental and forestry
5. science and technology
6.human resource development
7. health and education
History
in the late 1970 ziaur rehman proposed the creation of trade block SAARC consisting of south asian countries . the foreign secretaries of 7 countries met in colombo in 1981 ans identified 5 broad areas for regional cooperation
objectives of SAARC
1.to promote the welfare of the people of south asia .
2. to accelerate economic social and cultural development for these countries and to provide all individuals the opportunity to live with dignity.
3. to promote collective self reliance among the countries.
4. to contribute mutual trust and understanding.
5. to strenghten coorporation among themself in international forums on matters of common interest.
structure of SAARC
SAARC secretariat was established in kathmandu on 16th jan 1987 inaugurated by king birendra bir vikram shah of nepal .
it is headed by a secretary general appointed by the council of ministers from member countries. the secritariat coordinates and monitors implementation of activities and it serves asthe channel of communication between the association .
imps:-
*headquater - kathmandu
*chairmen jigmi y. thinley
*secritary - dhiyana saeed - maldives
*17th SAARC summit - 2011 in maldives
17th summit:-
h.e mohammad nasheed was elected as the chairperson of the 17th SAARC summit. in his inaugural address president nasheed highlighted 3 areas of cooperation in which progress should be ,ade , trade , transport and economic intigration.
* the 18th SAARC summit will be held in napal.
present sec- ahmed saleem - maldives.
SAARC achievement
it has largely refraim from engaging with politically sensitive issues . these countries pledged to combat terrorism.SAARC got success in the area of cultural economic development . the most important achievement of SAARC was the signing of south asia fee trade agreement in 2004 and that came into force from 2006.
SAARC failure
it has become common place for press observer to criticise SAARC summit. now it is used as platform for annual talks and meetings as compared to other international org. SAARC has failed to achieve integration coorporation.SAARC showed the inability to solve the dispute between india and pakistan even it failed to sort out the problems of poverty reduction and economic integration. 8 member countries and 9 observers
8 countries:-
afghanistan
bangladesh
bhutan
india
maldives
nepal
pakistan
sri-lanka
-- because of cold war the world had been devided into 2 major power blocks-
1.USA britain with western european country
2.ussr with eastern europian country
but some countries , mostly developing countries have decided not to align with any other blocks and this policy took the form of NAM. NAm is international org. of the countries who themselves not aligned with any power blocks of cold war.it was initiated by egypt president Gamal abdul nassir . indian pm jawaharlal nehru in yugoslavia president josip broz tito , it is the movement of 120 members.NAM was founded in 1955 . first NAM summit was held in egypt in june 1961 , even it was considered as preperatory meeting so again first conference held in september 1961 in belgrade capital of yugoslavia and 25 countries represented this summit and chairman was broz tito.
objectives/purpose
*it was stated in havana declaration of 1979 to ensure the national independence , sovereignity territorial integrity and security of non-aligned countries in the struggle against imperialism colonialism and racism
*granting freedom to people under colonial
*establishment of a just internal economic order
*elimination of the causes of war and especially elimination of nuclear.
weapons
*promotion of human rights
*condemnation of alll froms of racial discrimination
*protection of the environment
* abolition of imperialism and colonialism
panchsheel
*chinese prime minister CHOU EN LAI visited india in 1954 which was followed bythe signing of a declaration defining the principle on which the relations between people's republic of china should be based.
*mutual respect for territorial integrity
*non aggression
*non interface in each other internal matter
*equality and mutual advantage
*peaceful co-existance
Note :- the term non align was quined by indian prime minister pt. jawaharlal nehru during his speach in sri lanka for maintaining good relation wid china . he discribed the 5 pillars to be used for SINO indian relation called panchsheel.
profile non- aligned movement
note:- NAM ( non align movement ) is made up of 120 developing countries and aims to represent the political , economic and cultural interest of developing world.a meeting in 1961 set up the criteria for NAM membership it ruled that , member countries could not be involved in any of the power blocks.in this way NAM sought to prevent its member to participate in cold war power blocks .
*the 16th NAM summit took place in tehran ,iran, from 26 to 31st aug 2012.
*at the summit , iran took over from egypt as chair of the non-aligned movement for the period of 2012 - 2015 . the 17th summit of the non aligned movement is to be held in caracas , venuzuela , in 2015.
*mahmoud ahmadinejad -IRAN.
South asian association for regional coorporation (SAARC)
SAARC was established when its charter was formally adopted on 8 dec 1985 in dhaka by the heads of the state of bangladesh , bhutan , india , nepal , pakistan and sri-lanka.
SAARC provides platform for the people of south asia to work together in a spirit of friendship , trust and understanding .it aims to excelerate the process of economic , cultural and social development . it is an economic and political org. in south asia .afghanistam became the 8th member from 2007.SAARC has identified various spheres of activities.
broad areas
1.agriculture and rural development
2.health and population
3.women youth and children
4.environmental and forestry
5. science and technology
6.human resource development
7. health and education
History
in the late 1970 ziaur rehman proposed the creation of trade block SAARC consisting of south asian countries . the foreign secretaries of 7 countries met in colombo in 1981 ans identified 5 broad areas for regional cooperation
objectives of SAARC
1.to promote the welfare of the people of south asia .
2. to accelerate economic social and cultural development for these countries and to provide all individuals the opportunity to live with dignity.
3. to promote collective self reliance among the countries.
4. to contribute mutual trust and understanding.
5. to strenghten coorporation among themself in international forums on matters of common interest.
structure of SAARC
SAARC secretariat was established in kathmandu on 16th jan 1987 inaugurated by king birendra bir vikram shah of nepal .
it is headed by a secretary general appointed by the council of ministers from member countries. the secritariat coordinates and monitors implementation of activities and it serves asthe channel of communication between the association .
imps:-
*headquater - kathmandu
*chairmen jigmi y. thinley
*secritary - dhiyana saeed - maldives
*17th SAARC summit - 2011 in maldives
17th summit:-
h.e mohammad nasheed was elected as the chairperson of the 17th SAARC summit. in his inaugural address president nasheed highlighted 3 areas of cooperation in which progress should be ,ade , trade , transport and economic intigration.
* the 18th SAARC summit will be held in napal.
present sec- ahmed saleem - maldives.
SAARC achievement
it has largely refraim from engaging with politically sensitive issues . these countries pledged to combat terrorism.SAARC got success in the area of cultural economic development . the most important achievement of SAARC was the signing of south asia fee trade agreement in 2004 and that came into force from 2006.
SAARC failure
it has become common place for press observer to criticise SAARC summit. now it is used as platform for annual talks and meetings as compared to other international org. SAARC has failed to achieve integration coorporation.SAARC showed the inability to solve the dispute between india and pakistan even it failed to sort out the problems of poverty reduction and economic integration. 8 member countries and 9 observers
8 countries:-
afghanistan
bangladesh
bhutan
india
maldives
nepal
pakistan
sri-lanka