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METHOD OF “KNOWING”
What is knowing?
In mass media research, Knowing is nothing but Finding Answers of Research Question which is prepared by the researchers on the basis of their own assumptions. It helps to conclude the behavior and ideas are changed by a combination of communication sources and different people’s reaction to the same Message. There are several possible approaches in answering research question i.e.
a) Methods of tenacity b) Methods of authority
c) Methods of intuition d) Methods of science
Methods of tenacity:
It is a method which considers something as true because they are considered true. It says that the knowledge is transferred from tradition or culture. Its validity and and reliability is unquestionable and there is no chance of verification. we can know something is true because we trust the source of the information. For example, we may read a textbook or review a research study. We can also use references other than scientific studies such as religious literature (e.g., the Talmud, the Bible, the Koran, etc.) we trust the source of the information.
Methods of authority:
This method says that truth is true because an authority says so. It believes on authority blindly. Do not question authority because what authority says is true. The emphasis is on the source, not on the methods the source may have used to gain the information. According to this method something is considered true because of tradition or because some reason of distinction says it is true. Also Methods of authority is through personal experience. This is often a powerful approach to many people.
Methods of intuition:
In this method, truth is true because it is logical. It derives from reasoning but does not bear empirical support. A person assumes that something is true because it self-evident and stands to reasons. Follows what authority says but if it is false then questions the authority. In this, we may know something is true through personal inspiration. We may feel strongly that we have been "guided" to truth through an insight that is unique and personal.
Methods of science:
A fourth way of knowing is through reason or thinking logically and critically about the first three. There is less chance of errors. It approaches learning as a series of small steps. Scientific approaches are limited to domains where relevant ideas can be quantified and objectively observed. It can be repeated again to confirm whether it is true or not. Science is more trustworthy method of knowing. It is systematic, objective, verifiable, and logical. Something is true because it is shown/ known to be true ex: Einstein had to show theory of relativity to PROVE.
What is knowing?
In mass media research, Knowing is nothing but Finding Answers of Research Question which is prepared by the researchers on the basis of their own assumptions. It helps to conclude the behavior and ideas are changed by a combination of communication sources and different people’s reaction to the same Message. There are several possible approaches in answering research question i.e.
a) Methods of tenacity b) Methods of authority
c) Methods of intuition d) Methods of science
Methods of tenacity:
It is a method which considers something as true because they are considered true. It says that the knowledge is transferred from tradition or culture. Its validity and and reliability is unquestionable and there is no chance of verification. we can know something is true because we trust the source of the information. For example, we may read a textbook or review a research study. We can also use references other than scientific studies such as religious literature (e.g., the Talmud, the Bible, the Koran, etc.) we trust the source of the information.
Methods of authority:
This method says that truth is true because an authority says so. It believes on authority blindly. Do not question authority because what authority says is true. The emphasis is on the source, not on the methods the source may have used to gain the information. According to this method something is considered true because of tradition or because some reason of distinction says it is true. Also Methods of authority is through personal experience. This is often a powerful approach to many people.
Methods of intuition:
In this method, truth is true because it is logical. It derives from reasoning but does not bear empirical support. A person assumes that something is true because it self-evident and stands to reasons. Follows what authority says but if it is false then questions the authority. In this, we may know something is true through personal inspiration. We may feel strongly that we have been "guided" to truth through an insight that is unique and personal.
Methods of science:
A fourth way of knowing is through reason or thinking logically and critically about the first three. There is less chance of errors. It approaches learning as a series of small steps. Scientific approaches are limited to domains where relevant ideas can be quantified and objectively observed. It can be repeated again to confirm whether it is true or not. Science is more trustworthy method of knowing. It is systematic, objective, verifiable, and logical. Something is true because it is shown/ known to be true ex: Einstein had to show theory of relativity to PROVE.